Q1: Define Glass.
Ans: Glass is a hard, transparent material made by melting sand, soda ash, and limestone.
Q2: Write some properties of glass.
Ans: The properties of glass are as follows:
- ➔ It is transparent
- ➔ It is smooth
- ➔ It is brittle
- ➔ It is weather-resistant
- ➔ It is chemically stable
Q3: Define Float Glass.
Ans: Float glass is glass made by floating molten glass on molten tin to produce a smooth, flat surface.
Q4: Define metal.
Ans: Metals are materials that are hard, strong, shiny, and good conductors of heat and electricity.
Q5: Write the types of metals.
Ans: The types of metals are:
Q6: Define Steel.
Ans: Steel is an alloy made mainly of iron and carbon, with small amounts of other elements.
Q7: What is Wrought Iron?
Ans: Wrought iron is a very pure form of iron that contains less than 0.08% carbon. It is soft, tough, and can be bent or shaped easily. It is used for making gates, railings, chains, and decorative items.
Q8: What is Cast Iron?
Ans: Cast iron is a hard and brittle form of iron that contains 2% to 4% carbon. It is produced by melting iron and pouring it into molds. It is used in engine blocks, pipes, cookware, machine parts, and heavy structural components.
Q9: Define Aluminum.
Ans: Aluminum is a lightweight, soft, and corrosion-resistant non-ferrous metal.
Q10: Write the properties of Aluminum.
Ans: Aluminum is:
- ➔ Lightweight
- ➔ Corrosion-resistant
- ➔ Ductile
- ➔ A good conductor of heat and electricity
Q11: Write the uses of Aluminum.
Ans: Aluminum is used for:
- ➔ Window frames
- ➔ Doors
- ➔ Roofing sheets
- ➔ Electrical wires
- ➔ Aircraft parts
Q12: Write the characteristics of Aluminum.
Ans: Aluminum is easy to work with, rust-free, recyclable, non-magnetic, and strong for its weight.
Q13: Define Butt joints in timber.
Ans: A butt joint is a simple joint where two timber pieces are joined end to end or edge to edge.
Q14: Define Mortise joints in timber.
Ans: A mortise joint is a joint where a hole (mortise) is cut into one piece of wood to receive another piece.
Q15: Define Tenon joints in timber.
Ans: A tenon joint is a projecting piece of wood (tenon) shaped to fit into a mortise hole.
Q16: State timber as material.
Ans: Timber is a natural building material obtained from trees and used for construction.
Q17: Define Studs.
Ans: Studs are vertical wooden or steel members used in wall framing.
Q18: Define Joists.
Ans: Joists are horizontal beams that support floors or ceilings.
Q19: Define Rafters.
Ans: Rafters are sloping wooden or steel members that support the roof.
Q20: Define Support.
Ans: A support is a structural element that carries and transfers loads to the foundation.
Q21: Define Beam.
Ans: A beam is a horizontal structural member that carries loads across openings.
Q22: Define Plastic.
Ans: Plastic is a synthetic material that can be easily shaped when heated. It is used for making pipes, sheets etc.
Q23: Write the uses of plastic.
Ans: Plastics are used for:
- ➔ Pipes
- ➔ Doors
- ➔ Windows
- ➔ Insulation
- ➔ Furniture
- ➔ Containers
Q24: Write the properties of plastic.
Ans: Plastics are lightweight, corrosion-resistant, waterproof, non-conductive, and easy to mold.
Q25: Write the types of plastic.
Ans: The types of plastic are:
- ➔ Thermoplastics plastics
- ➔ Thermosetting plastics
Q26: Define non-structural materials.
Ans: Non-structural materials are materials that do not carry load but are used for finishing and decoration.
Q27: Name some non-structural materials.
Ans: Non-structural materials include:
- ➔ Glass
- ➔ Plastic
- ➔ Tiles
- ➔ Gypsum board
- ➔ Paint
Q28: Define Float glass.
Ans: Float glass is glass made by floating molten glass on molten tin to create a flat, uniform surface.
Q29: Define Safety glass.
Ans: Safety glass is glass designed to reduce injury by shattering into small, harmless pieces.
Q30: Define Laminated glass.
Ans: Laminated glass is glass made of two or more layers bonded with a plastic film to prevent it from breaking into pieces.
Q31: Define Optical glass.
Ans: Optical glass is glass with special clarity used in lenses, microscopes, and cameras.
Q32: Define Pyrex glass.
Ans: Pyrex glass is heat-resistant glass used in laboratory equipment and cookware.
Q33: Write the use of Tungsten.
Ans: Tungsten is used for:
- ➔ Making electric bulb filaments
- ➔ Cutting tools
- ➔ High-temperature components
Q34: Define Dado joint.
Ans: A dado joint is a joint where a groove is cut across the grain of one piece to fit another piece into it.
