FORMWORK

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• Q1: Define Formwork.
  Ans: A temporary structure which is built to give required shape and strength to wet concrete is known as a formwork.
• Q2: Write the importance of Formwork?
  Ans: The primary purpose of formwork is to provide a suitable shape and strength to the members of structure like slab, beam and column which are casted in with wet concrete unless withstanding the load coming on it.
• Q3: Write some characteristics of formwork.
  Ans: A formwork has following characteristics:

  • ➔ Rigidity
  • ➔ Economical
  • ➔ Easy Removal
  • ➔ Less Leakage
• Q4: Which wood is used for Timber Formwork?
  Ans: Usually Plywood is used for it because it is cheap and has a smooth surface.
• Q5: Name the materials used for formwork.
  Ans: Following materials are used for formwork:

  • ➔ Timber
  • ➔ Steel
  • ➔ Aluminium
  • ➔ Fibre glass
• Q6: Write some advantages of using Steel Formwork.
  Ans: Following are some advantages of using steel formwork:

  • ➔ Easy to handle and remove.
  • ➔ More reusable than timber.
  • ➔ Gives smooth surface finish to concrete.
  • ➔ Less shrinkage and deformation.
• Q7: State about the removal of formwork.
  Ans: The formwork is removed when the wet concrete hardens and is able to withstand its shape and strength. The removal of formwork depends on:

  • ➔ Amount of Dead load
  • ➔ Shape and span of the structure
  • ➔ Material used
  • ➔ Temperature conditions
• Q8: State the types of formwork according to structure.
  Ans: According to the use, formwork is of following types:

  • ➔ Column Formwork
  • ➔ Beam Formwork
  • ➔ Wall Formwork
  • ➔ Slab Formwork
  • ➔ Foundation Formwork
  • ➔ Stair Formwork
• Q9: State some components of formwork.
  Ans: Following are some of the items used in formwork:

  • ➔ Studs
  • ➔ Wales
  • ➔ Struts
  • ➔ Cleats
  • ➔ Yokes
  • ➔ Props
  • ➔ Braces
  • ➔ Joist
• Q10: Write some characteristics of Timber formwork.
  Ans: A formwork has following characteristics:

  • ➔ It should be well seasoned.
  • ➔ It should be light.
  • ➔ It should be easily workable without splinters.
  • ➔ Timber used should have a smooth even surface and all joints should be tight to prevent leakage.
• Q11: Define Studs.
  Ans: Stud is a vertical member which is used to support the sheathing and wales by keeping the formwork aligned.
• Q12: Define Struts.
  Ans: Strut is a structural element which is used to brace or strengthen the formwork by resisting stresses or compression.
• Q13: Define Wales.
  Ans: Wales are the horizontal members of the formwork which carry the weight of the studs and sheathing panel.
• Q14: Define Cleats.
  Ans: A cleat is a strip of wood or iron used to provide support, act as attachment points, or prevent movement.
• Q15: Define Yokes.
  Ans: Yokes are used to attach and support wales at regular intervals with legs. It is the component of vertical slip formwork.
• Q16: Define Sheathing Panel.
  Ans: Sheathing forms, also known as vertical forms, can be made up of wood staves, metal, plywood, glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, or a combination of these materials.
• Q17: Define Stringer or Runner.
  Ans: Stringers are horizontal or sloping members that support the weight of the formwork and the weight of freshly poured concrete.
• Q18: Define Braces.
  Ans: Horizontal braces are used to support the props while inclined props are used to support the panels.
• Q19: Define Props.
  Ans: Props are the vertical support members used in formwork as supports. Props help to transfer all the upcoming load of the formwork to the soil.
• Q20: Define Joists.
  Ans: A joist is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open space, often between beams that subsequently transfer loads to vertical members.
• Q21: Define Wedges.
  Ans: A wedge is used between the props and base plates. It is used to tighten the props. During the formwork removal, a wedge is removed first.
• Q22: Define Base Plates.
  Ans: Base plates are provided at the base of the props which help to distribute the load uniformly to the soil.
• Q23: Define Slip Formwork.
  Ans: Slip Formwork is a construction method in which formwork continuously rises vertically as a work process. It is a method of vertical construction of a reinforced concrete section.
• Q24: Differentiate between Conventional Formwork and System Formwork.
  Ans: Conventional formwork is custom-built on-site, while system formwork uses prefabricated components that can be reused.
• Q25: What is Shoring in construction?
  Ans: Shoring provides temporary vertical support to structures, often used in conjunction with formwork.
• Q26: What are some common formwork failures?
  Ans: Overturning, buckling, and material failure due to improper design or construction.
• Q27: What is Self-Compacting Concrete(SSC) and how does it affect formwork?
  Ans: SCC is a highly fluid concrete that exerts more pressure on formwork, requiring careful consideration in formwork design.
• Q28: What is the role of formwork in the quality of concrete construction?
  Ans: Formwork ensures the concrete is properly placed, compacted, and cured, resulting in a strong and durable structure.