Q1: Define Formwork.
Ans:A temporary structure which is built to give required shape and strength to wet concrete is known as a formwork.
Q2: Write the importance of Formwork?
Ans:The primary purpose of formwork is to provide a suitable shape and strength to the members of structure like slab, beam and column which are casted in with wet concrete unless withstanding the load coming on it.
Q3: Write some characteristics of formwork.
Ans:
A formwork has following characteristics:- ➔ Rigidity
- ➔ Economical
- ➔ Easy Removal
- ➔ Less Leakage
Q4: Which wood is used for Timber Formwork?
Ans:Usually Plywood is used for it because it is cheap and has a smooth surface.
Q5: Name the materials used for formwork.
Ans:
Following materials are used for formwork:- ➔ Timber
- ➔ Steel
- ➔ Aluminium
- ➔ Fibre glass
Q6: Write some advantages of using Steel Formwork.
Ans:
Following are some advantages of using steel formwork:- ➔ Easy to handle and remove.
- ➔ More reusable than timber.
- ➔ Gives smooth surface finish to concrete.
- ➔ Less shrinkage and deformation.
Q7: State about the removal of formwork.
Ans:
The formwork is removed when the wet concrete hardens and is able to withstand its shape and strength. The removal of formwork depends on:- ➔ Amount of Dead load
- ➔ Shape and span of the structure
- ➔ Material used
- ➔ Temperature conditions
Q8: State the types of formwork according to structure.
Ans:
According to the use, formwork is of following types:- ➔ Column Formwork
- ➔ Beam Formwork
- ➔ Wall Formwork
- ➔ Slab Formwork
- ➔ Foundation Formwork
- ➔ Stair Formwork
Q9: State some components of formwork.
Ans:
Following are some of the items used in formwork:- ➔ Studs
- ➔ Wales
- ➔ Struts
- ➔ Cleats
- ➔ Yokes
- ➔ Props
- ➔ Braces
- ➔ Joist
Q10: Write some characteristics of Timber formwork.
Ans:
A formwork has following characteristics:- ➔ It should be well seasoned.
- ➔ It should be light.
- ➔ It should be easily workable without splinters.
- ➔ Timber used should have a smooth even surface and all joints should be tight to prevent leakage.
Q11: Define Studs.
Ans:Stud is a vertical member which is used to support the sheathing and wales by keeping the formwork aligned.
Q12: Define Struts.
Ans:Strut is a structural element which is used to brace or strengthen the formwork by resisting stresses or compression.
Q13: Define Wales.
Ans:Wales are the horizontal members of the formwork which carry the weight of the studs and sheathing panel.
Q14: Define Cleats.
Ans:A cleat is a strip of wood or iron used to provide support, act as attachment points, or prevent movement.
Q15: Define Yokes.
Ans:Yokes are used to attach and support wales at regular intervals with legs. It is the component of vertical slip formwork.
Q16: Define Sheathing Panel.
Ans:Sheathing forms, also known as vertical forms, can be made up of wood staves, metal, plywood, glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, or a combination of these materials.
Q17: Define Stringer or Runner.
Ans:Stringers are horizontal or sloping members that support the weight of the formwork and the weight of freshly poured concrete.
Q18: Define Braces.
Ans:Horizontal braces are used to support the props while inclined props are used to support the panels.
Q19: Define Props.
Ans:Props are the vertical support members used in formwork as supports. Props help to transfer all the upcoming load of the formwork to the soil.
Q20: Define Joists.
Ans:A joist is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open space, often between beams that subsequently transfer loads to vertical members.
Q21: Define Wedges.
Ans:A wedge is used between the props and base plates. It is used to tighten the props. During the formwork removal, a wedge is removed first.
Q22: Define Base Plates.
Ans:Base plates are provided at the base of the props which help to distribute the load uniformly to the soil.
Q23: Define Slip Formwork.
Ans:Slip Formwork is a construction method in which formwork continuously rises vertically as a work process. It is a method of vertical construction of a reinforced concrete section.
Q24: Differentiate between Conventional Formwork and System Formwork.
Ans:Conventional formwork is custom-built on-site, while system formwork uses prefabricated components that can be reused.
Q25: What is Shoring in construction?
Ans:Shoring provides temporary vertical support to structures, often used in conjunction with formwork.
Q26: What are some common formwork failures?
Ans:Overturning, buckling, and material failure due to improper design or construction.
Q27: What is Self-Compacting Concrete(SSC) and how does it affect formwork?
Ans:SCC is a highly fluid concrete that exerts more pressure on formwork, requiring careful consideration in formwork design.
Q28: What is the role of formwork in the quality of concrete construction?
Ans:Formwork ensures the concrete is properly placed, compacted, and cured, resulting in a strong and durable structure.
