DESIGN OF RCC COLUMN & FOOTING

Other Chapters

• Q1: Define column.
  Ans: A column is a vertical structural member designed to support compressive loads, transferring the weight from beams or slabs to the foundation.
• Q2: What is the function of column?
  Ans: the primary function of column is to transfer the load of slab and beam to the footing. A column resists compressive forces.
• Q3: What is axially loaded column?
  Ans: An axially loaded column is the column in which all loads(forces) are acting at the centroid of the column.
• Q4: Define slender column.
  Ans: A slender column is a column where the diameter is thin compared to the height and it fails by buckling.
• Q5: What is meant by lateral ties?
  Ans: Lateral ties are small-diameter steel bars used in reinforced concrete columns to hold the main longitudinal reinforcement in position and prevent buckling.
• Q6: Define longitudinal bars.
  Ans: Longitudinal bars are the main reinforcement bars placed along the length of structural members like columns and beams to resist axial and bending stresses.
• Q7: Define helical ties.
  Ans: Helical ties are spiral-shaped reinforcement bars wound around the longitudinal bars in circular columns to provide confinement and increase ductility.
• Q8: Define pitch of lateral ties.
  Ans: The pitch of lateral ties is the center-to-center distance between two consecutive lateral or transverse ties in a reinforced concrete column.
• Q9: What is slenderness ratio?
  Ans: Slenderness ratio is the ratio of the effective length of a column to its least radius of gyration.
• Q10: Define short column.
  Ans: A short column is one that fails mainly due to direct compression. It has a slenderness ratio less than 80 or its height is less than 10 times its least lateral dimension.
• Q11: Define long column.
  Ans: A long column is one that fails mainly due to bending. It has a slenderness ratio greater than 80 or its height is more than 30 times its least lateral dimension.
• Q12: What is footing?
  Ans: Footing is the lowest part of a structure that distributes the load from columns or walls to the ground.
• Q13: What is the function of footing?
  Ans: The function of footing is to safely transfer the load of the structure to the soil, preventing excessive settlement or failure.
• Q14: Write the formula to calculate depth of footing.
  Ans: The depth of footing (D) can be calculated using the formula:
• Q15: Define stirrups.
  Ans: Stirrups are closed-loop steel bars used in reinforced concrete beams and columns to hold the main reinforcement in place and to resist shear and torsional forces.
• Q16: What should be the bending angle of stirrups?
  Ans: The bending angle of stirrup should be 135⁰.
• Q17: Define ties.
  Ans: Ties are tensile members used in reinforced concrete and steel structures to resist pulling forces and hold structural elements in position, commonly used in columns to confine reinforcement.
• Q18: Define struts.
  Ans: Struts are compressive members used in trusses and other structural systems to resist axial compression and transfer loads to supports.