CHAPTER-9

TOTAL STATION

• Q1: What is Total Station?
  Ans:A Total Station is an electrical and digitally operated surveying instrument used for measurement and survey work. It combines an Electromagnetic Distance Measuring Instrument (EDM) and an electronic theodolite.
• Q2: What is the least Count of Total Station?
  Ans:The least count of total station for angle measurement is 1” and for distance measurement is 1mm.
• Q3: Define dual-Axis compensation.
  Ans:Dual-Axis Compensation ensures reliable horizontal and vertical readings by automatically correcting slight tilts of the instrument.
• Q4: Write any three features of total station.
  Ans:

  • ➔ Absolute circle reading
  • ➔ High-resolution LCD display
  • ➔ Electronic laser distance measurement
• Q5: Write three uses of total station.
  Ans:

  • ➔ Distance measurement using infrared signals
  • ➔ Angle measurement
  • ➔ Co-ordinate determination (X, Y, Z values)
• Q6: Name four parts of total station.
  Ans:

  • ➔ Electronic distance meter (EDM)
  • ➔ Microprocessor
  • ➔ Electronic data collector & storage system
  • ➔ Keyboard
• Q7: What is EDM?
  Ans:EDM (Electronic Distance Meter) is a component in total stations used for measuring distances with high accuracy.
• Q8: Define Reflector.
  Ans:A reflector in total station functions by reflecting infrared beams, which helps determine angles and distances.
• Q9: What are the main functions of total station?
  Ans:

  • ➔ Distance measurement
  • ➔ Angle measurement
  • ➔ Elevation determination
  • ➔ Data processing
• Q10: What are the types of total station?
  Ans:

  • ➔ Mechanical Total Stations
  • ➔ Robotic Total Stations
  • ➔ Prism Total Stations
  • ➔ Motorized Total Stations
• Q11: Define robotic total station.
  Ans:A robotic total station is an advanced instrument that allows remote operation and automatic target tracking.
• Q12: Define Prism Total Stations.
  Ans:Prism Total Stations use prisms to reflect infrared waves and determine angles and distances.
• Q13: Write formula for elevation.
  Ans:Elevation of Point B = Elevation of Point A + HI ± L sinφ – HR
• Q14: Define electronic book.
  Ans:An electronic book is a storage device in a total station where point data can be stored digitally for later use.
• Q15: Write three advantages of total station.
  Ans:

  • ➔ High-speed data collection
  • ➔ Increased accuracy
  • ➔ Easy integration with CAD software
• Q16: What is meant by focusing on survey point?
  Ans:Focusing on a survey point ensures clear visibility of the target through the telescope by adjusting the focus ring.
• Q17: What is optical plummet?
  Ans:The optical plummet helps in centering the total station over a ground point accurately.
• Q18: How Verifying the Leveling Electronically?
  Ans:Leveling is verified electronically using an onboard electronic bubble and adjusting foot screws until centered.
• Q19: How Adjusting the Image & Focusing?
  Ans:The telescope is aimed at a light background, and the focus knob is adjusted until the image appears sharp.
• Q20: Write three Precautions for Using Total Station.
  Ans:

  • ➔ Handle the instrument carefully with both hands.
  • ➔ Avoid carrying the total station while mounted on a tripod.
  • ➔ Use a charged battery and keep a spare one.