ACETYLENE GAS CUTTING

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• Q1: What is Gas Cutting?
  Ans: Gas cutting is a process used to cut metal by using a flame produced from fuel gas and oxygen. The metal is heated to a high temperature and then oxygen is used to burn and remove the metal.
• Q2: What is Acetylene Gas Cutting?
  Ans: Acetylene gas cutting is a type of gas cutting in which acetylene gas is used as the fuel along with oxygen to produce a high-temperature flame for cutting metals.
• Q3: Briefly explain the Gas Cutting Procedure.
  Ans: The gas cutting procedure is as follows:

  • ➔ Clean the metal surface
  • ➔ Adjust the gas pressures
  • ➔ Ignite the flame
  • ➔ Preheat the metal
  • ➔ Release oxygen to cut the metal
  • ➔ Move the torch along the cutting line
• Q4: What is Kerf?
  Ans: Kerf is the width of the cut made in the metal during the cutting process.
• Q5: What are Cutting Torches?
  Ans: Cutting torches are tools used to mix fuel gas and oxygen and produce a flame for cutting metals.
• Q6: Briefly explain Hand Cutting.
  Ans: Hand cutting is a method in which the cutting torch is manually controlled by the operator to cut the metal.
• Q7: Briefly explain Machine Cutting.
  Ans: Machine cutting is a method in which the cutting torch is controlled by a machine to provide accurate and uniform cuts.
• Q8: What is a Flame?
  Ans: A flame is the visible hot gas produced during combustion of fuel with oxygen.
• Q9: State the types of Flames.
  Ans: The types of flames are as follows:

  • ➔ Oxidizing Flame
  • ➔ Neutral Flame
  • ➔ Carburizing Flame
• Q10: Briefly explain an Oxidizing Flame?
  Ans: An oxidizing flame has excess oxygen. It is short and sharp and is used for cutting and welding metals like brass.
• Q11: What is the temperature of an Oxidizing Flame?
  Ans: The temperature of an oxidizing flame is about 3500°C.
• Q12: Briefly explain a Neutral Flame?
  Ans: A neutral flame has equal amounts of oxygen and fuel gas. It is commonly used for welding because it does not affect the metal properties.
• Q13: What is the temperature of a Neutral Flame?
  Ans: The temperature of a neutral flame is about 3200°C.
• Q14: Briefly explain a Carburizing Flame?
  Ans: A carburizing flame has excess fuel gas. It has a long feather and is used where carbon is required in the metal.
• Q15: What is the temperature of a Carburizing Flame?
  Ans: The temperature of a carburizing flame is about 3000°C.
• Q16: Briefly explain Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: Plasma arc cutting is a process that uses a high-speed jet of ionized gas (plasma) to cut electrically conductive materials.
• Q17: What are PAC Processes?
  Ans: PAC processes are methods used in plasma arc cutting to cut metals using plasma and high-temperature arc.
• Q18: State the gases used for Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: The gases used are as follows:

  • ➔ Air
  • ➔ Nitrogen
  • ➔ Argon
  • ➔ Hydrogen
• Q19: State the system components of Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: The components are:

  • ➔ Power supply
  • ➔ Torch
  • ➔ Gas supply
  • ➔ Control unit
• Q20: State the purpose of Torch in Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: The torch is used to generate and direct the plasma arc to cut the metal.
• Q21: State the types of Torches.
  Ans: The types of torches are as follows:

  • ➔ Air Plasma Torch
  • ➔ Oxygen-Injected Torch
  • ➔ Water-Injected Torch
  • ➔ Dual Gas Torch
• Q22: What is Arc Starting Circuit?
  Ans: Arc starting circuit is a system used to initiate the plasma arc between the electrode and the workpiece.
• Q23: State some advantages of Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: The advantages are:

  • ➔ High cutting speed
  • ➔ Smooth cutting surface
  • ➔ Can cut thick metals
  • ➔ Less heat affected zone
• Q24: Briefly explain the procedure of Plasma Arc Cutting.
  Ans: The procedure is as follows:

  • ➔ Start the power supply
  • ➔ Supply gas to the torch
  • ➔ Generate plasma arc
  • ➔ Direct the arc to the metal
  • ➔ Move the torch along the cutting path
• Q25: Define Back Fire.
  Ans: Back fire is a condition where the flame goes back into the torch with a popping sound.
• Q26: State any two causes of Back Fire.
  Ans: Causes are:

  • ➔ Overheating of the torch
  • ➔ Incorrect gas pressure
• Q27: State any two types of Welding Torches.
  Ans: The types are:

  • ➔ Equal pressure torch
  • ➔ Injector torch
• Q28: Define Flashback.
  Ans: Flashback is a dangerous condition in which the flame travels back into the gas hoses or cylinders.
• Q29: What is the function of a Regulator?
  Ans: A regulator is used to control and maintain the pressure of gas from the cylinder to a safe working level.
• Q30: State the types of Regulator.
  Ans: The types are:

  • ➔ Single stage regulator
  • ➔ Two stage regulator
• Q31: Define Plasma.
  Ans: Plasma is a highly ionized gas consisting of free electrons and ions, capable of conducting electricity.