SHAPER OR SHAPING MACHINES

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• Q1: What is a Shaper or Shaping Machine?
  Ans: A shaper is a machine tool used to produce flat surfaces by moving a cutting tool back and forth (reciprocating motion) over a workpiece.
• Q2: State the uses of Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Uses of shaper machine are:

  • ➔ To produce flat surfaces
  • ➔ To cut grooves and slots
  • ➔ To make keyways
  • ➔ To machine angular surfaces
• Q3: State any two uses of Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Two uses of shaper machine are:

  • ➔ To produce flat surfaces
  • ➔ To cut keyways
• Q4: State any four advantages of Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Advantages of shaper machine are:

  • ➔ Simple construction
  • ➔ Easy to operate
  • ➔ Low cost
  • ➔ Suitable for small jobs
• Q5: Name the parts of a Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Main parts of a shaper machine are:

  • ➔ Base
  • ➔ Column
  • ➔ Ram
  • ➔ Tool Head
  • ➔ Saddle
  • ➔ Cross Rail
  • ➔ Table
  • ➔ Vice
• Q6: What is the Ram used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The ram is used to hold the cutting tool and provide reciprocating (back and forth) motion during the cutting process.
• Q7: What is the Apron used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The apron is used to support and control the movement of the table and feed mechanism.
• Q8: What is the Saddle used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The saddle is used to support the table and allows it to move in a cross direction.
• Q9: What is the Tool Head used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The tool head is used to hold the cutting tool and adjust its position and angle.
• Q10: What is the Cross Rail used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The cross rail is used to support the saddle and allows vertical movement of the table.
• Q11: What is the Vice used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The vice is used to hold the workpiece firmly during machining.
• Q12: What is the Clipper Box used for in a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: The clipper box is used to lift the tool slightly during the return stroke to avoid rubbing with the workpiece.
• Q13: Name the types of Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Types of shaper machine are:

  • ➔ Horizontal Shaper
  • ➔ Vertical Shaper
  • ➔ Crank Type Shaper
  • ➔ Hydraulic Shaper
• Q14: Briefly explain the working of Horizontal Shaper Machine.
  Ans: In a horizontal shaper machine, the ram moves back and forth in a horizontal direction. The cutting tool removes material during the forward stroke and returns idle during the backward stroke.
• Q15: Name the types of Horizontal Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Types of horizontal shaper machine are:

  • ➔ Crank Type Shaper
  • ➔ Hydraulic Type Shaper
• Q16: Briefly explain the working of Crank Type Shaper Machine.
  Ans: In a crank type shaper, the ram is driven by a crank and connecting rod mechanism which converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion.
• Q17: Briefly explain the working of Hydraulic Shaper Machine.
  Ans: In a hydraulic shaper, the ram is moved by hydraulic pressure, giving smooth and uniform cutting motion.
• Q18: Briefly explain the working of Vertical Shaper Machine.
  Ans: In a vertical shaper, the ram moves in a vertical direction and is used for slotting and keyway cutting.
• Q19: State the safety precautions while working with Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Safety precautions are:

  • ➔ Wear safety goggles
  • ➔ Tighten the workpiece properly
  • ➔ Do not touch moving parts
  • ➔ Keep hands away from cutting tool
  • ➔ Stop machine before adjustments
• Q20: What is Shaper Stroke Adjustment?
  Ans: Shaper stroke adjustment is the process of setting the length and position of the ram movement according to the size of the workpiece.
• Q21: What are Forged Tools? Name some.
  Ans: Forged tools are tools made by heating and shaping metal using hammering.
  Examples are:

  • ➔ Chisel
  • ➔ Punch
  • ➔ Hammer
• Q22: What is the Cutting Speed of a Shaper Machine?
  Ans: Cutting speed is the speed at which the cutting tool moves over the workpiece during the cutting stroke, usually measured in meters per minute (m/min).
• Q23: State the operations performed by a Shaper Machine.
  Ans: Operations performed by shaper machine are:

  • ➔ Horizontal cutting
  • ➔ Vertical cutting
  • ➔ Angular cutting
  • ➔ Slotting
  • ➔ Keyway cutting
• Q24: Briefly explain the Shaping of Horizontal Surface by a Shapper Machine.
  Ans: In this operation, the tool moves horizontally over the workpiece to produce a flat horizontal surface by removing material in each forward stroke.
• Q25: Briefly explain the Shaping of Vertical Surface by a Shapper Machine.
  Ans: In this operation, the tool is adjusted to cut in vertical direction to produce a vertical flat surface on the workpiece.
• Q26: Briefly explain the Shaping of Angular Surface by a Shapper Machine.
  Ans: In this operation, the tool head is set at an angle to the workpiece to produce an inclined or angular surface.