Q1: What is a Shaper or Shaping Machine?
Ans: A shaper is a machine tool used to produce flat surfaces by moving a cutting tool back and forth (reciprocating motion) over a workpiece.
Q2: State the uses of Shaper Machine.
Ans: Uses of shaper machine are:
- ➔ To produce flat surfaces
- ➔ To cut grooves and slots
- ➔ To make keyways
- ➔ To machine angular surfaces
Q3: State any two uses of Shaper Machine.
Ans: Two uses of shaper machine are:
- ➔ To produce flat surfaces
- ➔ To cut keyways
Q4: State any four advantages of Shaper Machine.
Ans: Advantages of shaper machine are:
- ➔ Simple construction
- ➔ Easy to operate
- ➔ Low cost
- ➔ Suitable for small jobs
Q5: Name the parts of a Shaper Machine.
Ans: Main parts of a shaper machine are:
- ➔ Base
- ➔ Column
- ➔ Ram
- ➔ Tool Head
- ➔ Saddle
- ➔ Cross Rail
- ➔ Table
- ➔ Vice
Q6: What is the Ram used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The ram is used to hold the cutting tool and provide reciprocating (back and forth) motion during the cutting process.
Q7: What is the Apron used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The apron is used to support and control the movement of the table and feed mechanism.
Q8: What is the Saddle used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The saddle is used to support the table and allows it to move in a cross direction.
Q9: What is the Tool Head used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The tool head is used to hold the cutting tool and adjust its position and angle.
Q10: What is the Cross Rail used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The cross rail is used to support the saddle and allows vertical movement of the table.
Q11: What is the Vice used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The vice is used to hold the workpiece firmly during machining.
Q12: What is the Clipper Box used for in a Shaper Machine?
Ans: The clipper box is used to lift the tool slightly during the return stroke to avoid rubbing with the workpiece.
Q13: Name the types of Shaper Machine.
Ans: Types of shaper machine are:
- ➔ Horizontal Shaper
- ➔ Vertical Shaper
- ➔ Crank Type Shaper
- ➔ Hydraulic Shaper
Q14: Briefly explain the working of Horizontal Shaper Machine.
Ans: In a horizontal shaper machine, the ram moves back and forth in a horizontal direction. The cutting tool removes material during the forward stroke and returns idle during the backward stroke.
Q15: Name the types of Horizontal Shaper Machine.
Ans: Types of horizontal shaper machine are:
- ➔ Crank Type Shaper
- ➔ Hydraulic Type Shaper
Q16: Briefly explain the working of Crank Type Shaper Machine.
Ans: In a crank type shaper, the ram is driven by a crank and connecting rod mechanism which converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion.
Q17: Briefly explain the working of Hydraulic Shaper Machine.
Ans: In a hydraulic shaper, the ram is moved by hydraulic pressure, giving smooth and uniform cutting motion.
Q18: Briefly explain the working of Vertical Shaper Machine.
Ans: In a vertical shaper, the ram moves in a vertical direction and is used for slotting and keyway cutting.
Q19: State the safety precautions while working with Shaper Machine.
Ans: Safety precautions are:
- ➔ Wear safety goggles
- ➔ Tighten the workpiece properly
- ➔ Do not touch moving parts
- ➔ Keep hands away from cutting tool
- ➔ Stop machine before adjustments
Q20: What is Shaper Stroke Adjustment?
Ans: Shaper stroke adjustment is the process of setting the length and position of the ram movement according to the size of the workpiece.
Q21: What are Forged Tools? Name some.
Ans: Forged tools are tools made by heating and shaping metal using hammering.
Examples are:
Q22: What is the Cutting Speed of a Shaper Machine?
Ans: Cutting speed is the speed at which the cutting tool moves over the workpiece during the cutting stroke, usually measured in meters per minute (m/min).
Q23: State the operations performed by a Shaper Machine.
Ans: Operations performed by shaper machine are:
- ➔ Horizontal cutting
- ➔ Vertical cutting
- ➔ Angular cutting
- ➔ Slotting
- ➔ Keyway cutting
Q24: Briefly explain the Shaping of Horizontal Surface by a Shapper Machine.
Ans: In this operation, the tool moves horizontally over the workpiece to produce a flat horizontal surface by removing material in each forward stroke.
Q25: Briefly explain the Shaping of Vertical Surface by a Shapper Machine.
Ans: In this operation, the tool is adjusted to cut in vertical direction to produce a vertical flat surface on the workpiece.
Q26: Briefly explain the Shaping of Angular Surface by a Shapper Machine.
Ans: In this operation, the tool head is set at an angle to the workpiece to produce an inclined or angular surface.
