LATHE MACHINE

Other Chapters

• Q1: What is a Lathe Machine?
  Ans: A lathe machine is a machine tool used to remove material from a rotating workpiece to produce cylindrical and symmetrical shapes.
• Q2: State the uses of a Lathe Machine.
  Ans: Uses are:

  • ➔ Turning operations
  • ➔ Facing operations
  • ➔ Thread cutting
  • ➔ Drilling and boring
  • ➔ Shaping cylindrical parts
• Q3: State the parts of a Lathe Machine.
  Ans: Main parts are:

  • ➔ Bed
  • ➔ Headstock
  • ➔ Tailstock
  • ➔ Carriage
  • ➔ Lead screw
  • ➔ Feed rod
• Q4: Write the working principle of a Lathe Machine.
  Ans: A lathe machine works on the principle of rotary motion.
  The workpiece rotates while the cutting tool is fed linearly to remove material.
• Q5: State the operations performed on Lathe Machine.
  Ans: Operations are:

  • ➔ Turning
  • ➔ Facing
  • ➔ Thread cutting
  • ➔ Drilling
  • ➔ Boring
  • ➔ Knurling
• Q6: What is a Head Stock?
  Ans: Headstock is the main part of a lathe machine that holds and drives the spindle and provides power to the workpiece.
• Q7: What is a Chipping Pan?
  Ans: A chipping pan is a tray placed under the lathe machine to collect chips and waste material during machining.
• Q8: Name the parts of the carriage.
  Ans: Parts of carriage are:

  • ➔ Saddle
  • ➔ Cross slide
  • ➔ Compound rest
  • ➔ Tool post
  • ➔ Apron
• Q9: State the types of Engine Lathe.
  Ans: Types are:

  • ➔ Standard engine lathe
  • ➔ Tool room lathe
  • ➔ Capstan and turret lathe
  • ➔ Special purpose lathe
• Q10: What is a Bench Lathe?
  Ans: A bench lathe is a small lathe machine mounted on a bench used for light and precision work.
• Q11: What is a Tool Room Lathe?
  Ans: A tool room lathe is a high precision lathe used in tool rooms for making accurate tools, dies, and precision parts.
• Q12: What is a C.N.C Lathe?
  Ans: A CNC lathe is a computer-controlled lathe machine used for automatic and highly accurate machining operations.
• Q13: What is a Relieving Lathe?
  Ans: A relieving lathe is a special lathe used for producing tools like cutters by providing relief behind cutting edges.
• Q14: What is a Standard Engine Lathe?
  Ans: A standard engine lathe is a general-purpose lathe used for common machining operations like turning and facing.
• Q15: What is a Special Purpose or Gap Lathe?
  Ans: A gap lathe is a lathe with a removable bed section used for machining large diameter workpieces.
• Q16: What is a Turret and Capstan Lathe?
  Ans: A turret and capstan lathe is a production lathe with a multi-tool turret used for mass production of identical parts.
• Q17: What is Power Feed and Thread Cutting Mechanism?
  Ans: Power feed is an automatic movement of tool or workpiece.
  Thread cutting mechanism uses a lead screw to cut threads accurately on the lathe.
• Q18: State the difference between Capstan and Turret.
  Ans: Difference:

  • ➔ Capstan lathe is lighter and used for small work
  • ➔ Turret lathe is heavier and used for large work
  • ➔ Capstan uses sliding turret head, Turret uses fixed turret
• Q19: What are Lathe Attachments?
  Ans: Lathe attachments are special devices fitted on a lathe machine to increase its working capability and perform additional operations.
• Q20: Name some Lathe Attachments.
  Ans: Some lathe attachments are:

  • ➔ Milling attachment
  • ➔ Taper turning attachment
  • ➔ Grinding attachment
  • ➔ Turret attachment
  • ➔ Relieving attachment
• Q21: What is Milling Attachment?
  Ans: A milling attachment is used on a lathe to perform milling operations by holding a milling cutter on the lathe spindle.
• Q22: What is Taper Turning Attachment?
  Ans: A taper turning attachment is used to produce tapered surfaces on a workpiece with accurate angle control.
• Q23: What is Relieving Attachment?
  Ans: A relieving attachment is used to produce relief surfaces on cutting tools such as gears and milling cutters.
• Q24: What is Turret Attachment?
  Ans: A turret attachment is used to hold multiple tools for quick tool changing in mass production work.
• Q25: What is Grinding Attachment?
  Ans: A grinding attachment is used on a lathe to perform grinding operations for finishing workpieces.
• Q26: What is Micrometer Carriage Stop Attachment?
  Ans: A micrometer carriage stop attachment is used to accurately control the longitudinal movement of the carriage using micrometer adjustment.
• Q27: What is Lathe Cutting Feed?
  Ans: Lathe cutting feed is the distance the cutting tool moves per revolution of the workpiece.
• Q28: What is Lathe Cutting Speed?
  Ans: Lathe cutting speed is the speed at which the cutting tool removes material from the workpiece surface, usually measured in m/min.
• Q29: What is Lathe Machine Timing?
  Ans: Lathe machine timing is the time required to complete a machining operation on a lathe.
• Q30: Write the formula of Lathe Machine Timing.
  Ans: Formula:
  
  Time = Length of job / (Feed × RPM)
• Q31: What is Coolant?
  Ans: Coolant is a cutting fluid used in machining processes to reduce heat, friction, and tool wear.
• Q32: State the functions of Coolant.
  Ans: Functions are:

  • ➔ Reduces heat generation
  • ➔ Improves tool life
  • ➔ Removes chips from cutting area
  • ➔ Improves surface finish
• Q33: State the advantages of Coolant.
  Ans: Advantages are:

  • ➔ Better tool life
  • ➔ High machining accuracy
  • ➔ Smooth surface finish
  • ➔ Reduces heat and friction
• Q34: State the names of Coolant.
  Ans: Common coolants are:

  • ➔ Water-soluble oils
  • ➔ Cutting oils
  • ➔ Synthetic coolants
• Q35: State the classifications of Coolants.
  Ans: Coolants are classified as:

  • ➔ Water-based coolants
  • ➔ Oil-based coolants
  • ➔ Synthetic coolants
• Q36: What is Lubricant?
  Ans: A lubricant is a substance used between moving machine parts to reduce friction and wear.
• Q37: State the functions of Lubricant.
  Ans: Functions are:

  • ➔ Reduces friction
  • ➔ Reduces wear and tear
  • ➔ Prevents overheating
  • ➔ Improves machine life
• Q38: State the advantages of Lubricant.
  Ans: Advantages are:

  • ➔ Smooth machine operation
  • ➔ Increased tool life
  • ➔ Better surface finish
  • ➔ Reduces maintenance cost
• Q39: State the names of Lubricants.
  Ans: Common lubricants are:

  • ➔ Oil
  • ➔ Grease
  • ➔ Graphite
  • ➔ Solid lubricants (MoS₂)
• Q40: What is Reaming?
  Ans: Reaming is a finishing operation used to improve the size, accuracy, and surface finish of a drilled hole.
• Q41: State the purpose of Reaming.
  Ans: Purpose is:

  • ➔ To improve hole accuracy
  • ➔ To get smooth surface finish
  • ➔ To correct drilled hole size
• Q42: State the importance of Reaming.
  Ans: Importance:

  • ➔ Ensures precise hole dimensions
  • ➔ Improves fitting of parts
  • ➔ Used in precision engineering
• Q43: State the advantages of Reaming.
  Ans: Advantages are:

  • ➔ High accuracy
  • ➔ Smooth surface finish
  • ➔ Better dimensional control
• Q44: What is a Reamer?
  Ans: A reamer is a multi-edge cutting tool used to finish and enlarge a previously drilled hole accurately.
• Q45: State the types of a Reamer.
  Ans: Types of reamers are:

  • ➔ Hand reamer
  • ➔ Machine reamer
  • ➔ Adjustable reamer
  • ➔ Shell reamer
• Q46: What is Boring of Lathe?
  Ans: Boring is a machining process used to enlarge an existing hole on a lathe using a single point cutting tool.
• Q47: State the types of Boring.
  Ans: Types are:

  • ➔ Straight boring
  • ➔ Taper boring
  • ➔ Counter boring
• Q48: What is Counter Boring?
  Ans: Counter boring is an operation used to enlarge the upper part of a hole cylindrically to accommodate bolt heads.
• Q49: What is Straight Boring?
  Ans: Straight boring is the process of enlarging a hole uniformly along its length using a single point cutting tool.
• Q50: What is Taper Boring?
  Ans: Taper boring is the process of producing a conical internal surface in a hole.
• Q51: What is Taper Turning?
  Ans: Taper turning is a machining process used to produce a conical shape on the external surface of a workpiece.
• Q52: What is Taper?
  Ans: A taper is a gradual reduction or increase in diameter along the length of a workpiece.
• Q53: State the methods of Taper Turning.
  Ans: Methods are:

  • ➔ Tailstock offset method
  • ➔ Compound rest method
  • ➔ Taper turning attachment
  • ➔ Form tool method
• Q54: Write the formula to find the angle of the taper.
  Ans: Formula:
  
  tan θ = (D − d) / (2L)
• Q55: What is the Tail Stock off-set Method?
  Ans: It is a taper turning method in which the tailstock is moved sideways to create a taper on the workpiece.
• Q56: Write the formula to find the Tail Stock off-set.
  Ans: Formula:
  
  Offset = (D − d) × L / (2 × l)
• Q57: What is Thread?
  Ans: A thread is a helical ridge formed on a cylindrical or conical surface used for fastening or power transmission.
• Q58: State the uses of Thread.
  Ans: Uses are:

  • ➔ Fastening parts (bolts and nuts)
  • ➔ Power transmission
  • ➔ Precise adjustment mechanisms
• Q59: What is Thread Rolling?
  Ans: Thread rolling is a cold forming process used to produce threads by pressing material between hardened dies.