Q1: Define Unit.
Ans:A unit is defined as the reference standard used for measurements. For example: kg, m, ft etc.
Q2: Define Bye Laws.
Ans:Bye-laws are locally made rules that control building construction, safety, sanitation, land use, etc., within a city or town.
Q3: Enlist different types of units.
Ans:
Types of units are:- ➔ Basic Units
- ➔ Supplementary Units
- ➔ Derived Units
Q4: Write down the basic SI units of the following:
Ans:
| Quantity | Unit |
|---|
| Length | m (meter) |
| Mass | kg (kilogram) |
| Time | s (seconds) |
| Current | A (Ampere) |
| Temperature | K (Kelvin) |
Q5: Define Metric System.
Ans:A system of measurement in which the basic units are the meter, the second, and the kilogram. In this system, the ratios between units of measurement are multiples of ten.
Q6: Define SI unit.
Ans:The International System Of Units (SI) is the metric system that is used universally as a standard for measurements. Example: The SI unit of force is N (Newton).
Q7: Differentiate between basic and derived units.
Ans:A derived unit is a unit that is created by combining two or more base units. For example, the unit for speed is meters per second (m/s), which is a combination of the meter (length) and second (time) base units.
A basic unit is fundamental and cannot be expressed in terms of other units. Example N, kg, g etc.
Q8: Name the units commonly used in Civil Engineering Works.
Ans:
- ➔ Meter
- ➔ Kilogram
- ➔ Cubic Meter
- ➔ Square Meter
- ➔ Litre
Q9: Define Supplementary Units.
Ans:Supplementary units are used along with base units to form derived units in the SI system. It contains radians and steradians.
Q10: Write the difference of measuring units between English Method and P.W.D Method.
Ans:The English Method uses Imperial units like feet, inches etc. while P.W.D Method uses Metric units like meters, centimeters etc.
Q11: Write the measuring units for the following.
Ans:
| Item | Measuring Unit |
|---|
| Excavation | m3 |
| Bricks | m3 |
| DPC | m2 |
| Concrete Work | m3 |
| Plaster | m2 |
| Pointing | m2 |
| Steel | quintals |
| Roofing | m2 |
| Flooring | m2 |
| Piping | m |
Q12: Perform the following conversions.
Ans:
| Convert | Basic Scale | Conversions |
|---|
| 4000 m into cm | 1 m = 100 cm | 4000 × 100 = 400000 cm |
| 120 ft into m | 1 m = 3.28 ft | 120 ÷ 3.28 = 36.6 m |
| 3 Yard into ft | 1 Yard = 3 ft | 3 × 3 = 9 ft |
| 5 m into Yard | 1 Yard = 0.914 m | 5 ÷ 0.914 = 5.46 Yard |
| 500 ft into inch | 1 ft = 12 inch | 500 × 12 = 6000 inch |
| 500 inch into ft | 1 ft = 12 inch | 500 ÷ 12 = 41.7 ft |
| 800 Miles into furlong | 1 Mile = 8 Furlong | 800 × 8 = 6400 furlong |
| 500 Tons into kg | 1 Ton = 1000 kg | 500 × 1000 = 500000 kg |
| 8000 ft to Miles | 1 Mile = 5280 ft | 8000 ÷ 5280 = 1.52 Miles |
| 12 Kanal into Marla | 1 Kanal = 20 Marla | 12 × 20 = 240 Marla |
Q13: Write the formula of area of a circle.
Ans:
Q14: Write the formula of area of a right angle triangle.
Ans:
