Q1: Define Specifications?
Ans:Specifications describe the nature and the class of the work, materials to be used in the work, workmanship etc. and are very important for the execution of the work. The cost of a work depends much on the specifications.
Q2: Define the purpose of specifications?
Ans:
The purposes are as follows:- ➔ Specifications define the quality of materials.
- ➔ It defines the quality of workmanship.
- ➔ It guides the contractor.
- ➔ It defines the cost of the project.
Q3: Name different types of specifications.
Ans:
The types are:- ➔ Brief specifications
- ➔ Detailed specifications
- ➔ Standard specification
Q4: Write the importance of specifications.
Ans:
The importance is as follows:- ➔ It defines the quality of materials.
- ➔ It defines the quality of workmanship.
- ➔ It guides the contractor.
- ➔ It defines the cost of the project.
Q5: Who prepares specifications?
Ans:The specifications of the project are prepared or written by the engineer on behalf of the owner.
Q6: Write the source of information of specifications.
Ans:
Following are the sources of information regarding specifications:- ➔ Contract drawings
- ➔ Previous specifications
- ➔ Site investigation
- ➔ Trade catalogue
Q7: Define Standard specification?
Ans:Standard specifications are documented requirements for how goods, materials, or services should be designed, manufactured, tested, or performed. They are prepared by the government or the manufacturers of the materials or the professional bodies.
Q8: Write down the classification of specifications.
Ans:
The classifications are:- ➔ Open specifications
- ➔ Restricted specifications
- ➔ Closed specifications
Q9: Define Open specification.
Ans:Open specifications allow contractors to substitute materials and products as long as they meet the defined performance standards, without specifying a particular brand or manufacturer.
Q10: Define Restricted specifications.
Ans:In restricted specification the material for an item of work is described and the procurement among some approved manufacturers or brands of the material is restricted.
Q11: Define Closed specifications.
Ans:Closed specifications restrict a product to a single manufacturer only.
Q12: What are the advantages of Closed specifications?
Ans:
The advantages are as follows:- ➔ The owner can choose the material according to his wish.
- ➔ The architect can complete the drawings of the project before the tender is invited.
Q13: What are the advantages of Open specifications?
Ans:
The advantages are as follows:- ➔ More competitive rates available.
- ➔ Quality of material is standardized.
Q14: Write the principles of writing specifications.
Ans:
The principles are as follows:- ➔ Grammer should be correct
- ➔ Use short and simple sentences
- ➔ Accuracy of information
- ➔ Clearness of sentences
Q15: Write specifications for 1st Class Brick work.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ Use of A class brick
- ➔ Bricks should give ringing sound when stuck with each other
- ➔ Bricks to be soaked for 12 hours before use
- ➔ Mortar should be 1:3 to 1:6
Q16: Write specifications for 1st Class Concrete work.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ Use of fresh portland cement
- ➔ Compactors to be used for proper compaction
- ➔ Curing to be done for 7-14 days
- ➔ Plaster layer used should be ½” thickness
Q17: Write specifications for Plaster work.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ Plaster should be applied of uniform thickness
- ➔ Ratio of 1:3 for external and 1:4 or 1:6 for internal plaster
- ➔ Finishing coast to be 2-3mm in thickness
- ➔ Curing to be done for 7 days
Q18: Write specifications for Pointing work.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ Mortar of 1:3 (cement:sand) is used.
- ➔ Joints are raked 10 to 20 mm deep and cleaned.
- ➔ Mortar is pressed firmly into joints.
- ➔ Type of pointing is as per design (flush, recessed, etc.).
- ➔ Curing is done for 3 to 7 days.
Q19: Write specifications for Cement Concrete Floor.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ Cement concrete (1:2:4) is used for flooring work.
- ➔ The base is cleaned and compacted properly.
- ➔ Minimum thickness is 75 mm or as required.
- ➔ The surface is finished smooth with proper slope.
- ➔ Curing is done for 7 to 14 days.
Q20: Write specifications for Mosaic work.
Ans:
The specifications are as follows:- ➔ The base surface should be clean, level, and free of cracks or dust to ensure proper adhesion.
- ➔ Made from small pieces of marble, glass, ceramic, or stones arranged in decorative patterns.
- ➔ Typically thickness ranges from 20 mm to 30 mm.
- ➔ Joints between mosaic pieces are filled with grout to provide stability and prevent water penetration.
Q21: Define Joinery Work.
Ans:Joinery work involves making and installing wooden components like doors, windows, cabinets, and frames, usually done by a carpenter or joiner.
Q22: Define Floor area.
Ans:Floor area is the total usable area of all floors in a building, measured from the internal walls, excluding common areas like staircases or lifts.
Q23: Define Circulation area.
Ans:Circulation area refers to the parts of a building used for movement, such as corridors, staircases, lobbies, and elevators. It connects different functional spaces.