Q1: What is MRS?
Ans:MRS stands for Market Rate Schedule.
The tabular format to determine the rate of work from the quantities of materials and labours and their cost is called Market Rate Schedule.
Q2: Define P.W.D.
Ans:P.W.D is Public Works Department. This department is responsible for constructing and maintaining public infrastructure like roads, buildings, and water systems.
Q3: Why is MRS needed?
Ans:
MRS is needed for:- ➔ Accurate costing
- ➔ Competitive bidding
- ➔ Risk mitigation
- ➔ Resource Allocation
Q4: What is the current rate of mason?
Ans:The current rate to mason is Rs.1400/-
Q5: What is the market rate for bricks?
Ans:The current market rate of bricks is Rs.7000/1000 bricks.
Q6: What is the fiscal year of Pakistan?
Ans:The fiscal year of Pakistan is from July to June.
Q7: Define Premium.
Ans:The amount paid to the contractor for adjusting the schedule of rates according to current rates is called Premium.
Q8: Define Rebate.
Ans:The penalty amount paid by the contractor in case of poor performance is called Rebate.
Q9: Define Comparative Statement.
Ans:A comparative statement is a document that compares the estimated or budgeted costs of a project with its actual costs, highlighting any differences.
Q10: Write the difference between Pakistan PWD and Public Works Dept.
Ans:
Pakistan PWD: Federal department responsible for construction and maintenance of national infrastructure like highways, federal buildings, and major projects.
Example: Building and maintaining the Islamabad–Rawalpindi motorway or federal government offices in Islamabad.
Public Works Department (Provincial): Provincial-level departments managing local infrastructure such as district roads, schools, and hospitals within the province.
Example: Punjab PWD handles construction and repair of provincial roads and government buildings in Lahore and other districts.
Q11: Define Pergola.
Ans:A pergola is an outdoor garden structure with a framework of vertical posts and crossbeams, often used to support climbing plants and provide partial shade.
Q12: Write the method to connect old roof to new roof.
Ans:
When connecting a new RCC slab to an existing RCC roof:- ➔ Expose old reinforcement bars (cut into old slab).
- ➔ Drill and grout new rebar using epoxy or mechanical anchors.
- ➔ Tie new rebar to old using proper lap length
- ➔ Use shear keys or dowels for extra bonding.
- ➔ Ensure joint formwork is tight and cured properly.
- ➔ Pour new concrete and vibrate well to bond old and new.
RCC roof connections must follow structural design to avoid cracks or joint failure.