STRAIN

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• Q1: Define Strain.
  Ans: The ratio of change in dimension to original dimension is strain. It has no unit.
• Q2: Why does strain has no unit?
  Ans: It is because both change in length and length have the same units which cancel out each other.
• Q3: Name the types of strain
  Ans: The types are:

  • ➔ Direct Strain
    • ➔ Tensile Strain
    • ➔ Compressive Strain
  • ➔ Shear Strain
  • ➔ Volumetric Strain
    • ➔ Linear Strain
    • ➔ Lateral Strain
• Q4: Define Direct Strain.
  Ans: Direct strain is the strain produced when a material experiences direct stress.
  It causes a change in length of the material along the direction of the applied force.
• Q5: What do you know about shear strain.
  Ans: The strain produced in a body due to Shear Force and Shear Stresses is called Shear Strain.
• Q6: Define tensile strain.
  Ans: If a Tensile force is applied on the body and its length increases, this is a Tensile Strain.
• Q7: Define compressive strain.
  Ans: If a Compressive force is applied on the body and its length decreases, this is a Compressive Strain.
• Q8: Define volumetric strain.
  Ans: If a force is applied on the body and the volume of the body changes i.e. the length, height or width changes then such a strain is volumetric strain.
• Q9: Define Linear Strain.
  Ans: Linear strain is the ratio of change in length of a material to its original length when a force is applied.
  
  Formula:
  Linear Strain = Change in Length / Original Length
• Q10: Define Lateral Strain.
  Ans: Lateral strain is the strain produced in the direction perpendicular to the applied force.
  It occurs when a material changes its width or diameter due to tensile or compressive stress.
• Q11: Name various elastic constants.
  Ans: Some of the elastic constants are:

  1. ➔ Modulus of Elasticity
  2. ➔ Modulus of Rigidity
  3. ➔ Bulk Modulus of Elasticity
• Q12: Define Bulk Modulus of Elasticity.
  Ans: The ratio of direct stress to volumetric strain is Bulk Modulus.
• Q13: Define Shear Modulus.
  Ans: The ratio of shear stress to shear strain is Shear Modulus or Modulus of Rigidity.
• Q14: Define Poisson’s Ratio.
  Ans: Poisson's ratio is the ratio of lateral strain to linear strain in a material when it is subjected to stress.
  
  Formula:
  Poisson's Ratio = Lateral Strain / Linear Strain
• Q15: Define Percentage Elongation.
  Ans: Percentage elongation is the increase in length of a material expressed as a percentage of its original length after the application of load.
  
  Formula:
  Percentage Elongation = (Increase in Length / Original Length) × 100
• Q16: State Hook's Law.
  Ans: Hook's Law states that:
  “Within elastic limits, stress is directly proportional to strain”