Q1: Briefly explain the process of Ore Preparation.
Ans: Ore preparation is the process of removing unwanted materials (gangue) from ore and making it suitable for extraction.
It includes crushing, grinding, and concentration of ore.
Q2: What is an Ore? Name some Ores.
Ans: An ore is a natural material from which metals can be extracted economically.
Examples of ores are:
- ➔ Hematite (Fe2O3)
- ➔ Bauxite (Al2O3)
- ➔ Galena (PbS)
Q3: Name the treatment process of Iron Ores.
Ans: Treatment processes of iron ores are:
- ➔ Crushing and Grinding
- ➔ Concentration
- ➔ Roasting
- ➔ Smelting
Q4: Briefly explain the Communication Process of Iron Ores.
Ans: Communication process (also called comminution) is the breaking of large ore pieces into smaller particles by crushing and grinding.
Q5: Briefly explain the Hand Picking Process of Iron Ores.
Ans: In hand picking, unwanted materials are removed manually by hand from the ore based on visible differences.
Q6: What is Gangue?
Ans: Gangue is the unwanted earthy or rocky material present in an ore.
Q7: Briefly explain the Magnetic Separation Process of Iron Ores.
Ans: Magnetic separation is a method in which magnetic ores are separated from non-magnetic impurities using a magnet.
Q8: Briefly explain the Gravity Separation Process of Iron Ores.
Ans: Gravity separation is based on the difference in densities of ore and gangue.
Heavier ore particles settle down, while lighter impurities are removed.
Q9: What is the Jigging Method?
Ans: Jigging is a gravity separation method in which water is used to separate heavier ore particles from lighter gangue.
Q10: What is the Sink Float Method?
Ans: Sink float method separates materials based on density.
Heavier particles sink, while lighter particles float.
Q11: What is the Sink Method?
Ans: Sink method is a process where heavier ore particles sink in a liquid and are separated from lighter impurities.
Q12: Define Roasting.
Ans: Roasting is the process of heating ore in the presence of oxygen to remove impurities like sulfur.
Q13: Define Calcination.
Ans: Calcination is the process of heating ore in the absence or limited supply of air to remove moisture and volatile impurities.
Q14: What is Dead Roast?
Ans: Dead roast is a process in which ore is completely oxidized by strong heating in air.
Q15: Define Dead Roasting Process.
Ans: Dead roasting is the process of heating ore strongly in excess air so that all impurities like sulfur are completely removed.
Q16: What is Froth Floatation?
Ans: Froth floatation is a process used to separate sulphide ores from gangue by using water, oil, and air bubbles.
Q17: Define Reagents? Give examples.
Ans: Reagents are chemicals added in ore processing to help in separation of minerals.
Examples are:
- ➔ Collectors
- ➔ Frothers
- ➔ Depressants
Q18: Define Frother.
Ans: Frother is a substance used in froth floatation to create stable foam or bubbles.
Example: Pine oil.
Q19: State the types of Crushers.
Ans: Types of crushers are:
- ➔ Jaw Crusher
- ➔ Gyratory Crusher
- ➔ Cone Crusher
- ➔ Roll Crusher
Q20: Why are Collectors added in the Froth Floatation process?
Ans: Collectors are added to increase the non-wettability of ore particles so that they attach to air bubbles and rise to the surface for separation.
