TREATMENT OF IRON ORES

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• Q1: Briefly explain the process of Ore Preparation.
  Ans: Ore preparation is the process of removing unwanted materials (gangue) from ore and making it suitable for extraction.
  It includes crushing, grinding, and concentration of ore.
• Q2: What is an Ore? Name some Ores.
  Ans: An ore is a natural material from which metals can be extracted economically.
  Examples of ores are:

  • ➔ Hematite (Fe₂O₃)
  • ➔ Bauxite (Al₂O₃)
  • ➔ Galena (PbS)
• Q3: Name the treatment process of Iron Ores.
  Ans: Treatment processes of iron ores are:

  • ➔ Crushing and Grinding
  • ➔ Concentration
  • ➔ Roasting
  • ➔ Smelting
• Q4: Briefly explain the Communication Process of Iron Ores.
  Ans: Communication process (also called comminution) is the breaking of large ore pieces into smaller particles by crushing and grinding.
• Q5: Briefly explain the Hand Picking Process of Iron Ores.
  Ans: In hand picking, unwanted materials are removed manually by hand from the ore based on visible differences.
• Q6: What is Gangue?
  Ans: Gangue is the unwanted earthy or rocky material present in an ore.
• Q7: Briefly explain the Magnetic Separation Process of Iron Ores.
  Ans: Magnetic separation is a method in which magnetic ores are separated from non-magnetic impurities using a magnet.
• Q8: Briefly explain the Gravity Separation Process of Iron Ores.
  Ans: Gravity separation is based on the difference in densities of ore and gangue.
  Heavier ore particles settle down, while lighter impurities are removed.
• Q9: What is the Jigging Method?
  Ans: Jigging is a gravity separation method in which water is used to separate heavier ore particles from lighter gangue.
• Q10: What is the Sink Float Method?
  Ans: Sink float method separates materials based on density.
  Heavier particles sink, while lighter particles float.
• Q11: What is the Sink Method?
  Ans: Sink method is a process where heavier ore particles sink in a liquid and are separated from lighter impurities.
• Q12: Define Roasting.
  Ans: Roasting is the process of heating ore in the presence of oxygen to remove impurities like sulfur.
• Q13: Define Calcination.
  Ans: Calcination is the process of heating ore in the absence or limited supply of air to remove moisture and volatile impurities.
• Q14: What is Dead Roast?
  Ans: Dead roast is a process in which ore is completely oxidized by strong heating in air.
• Q15: Define Dead Roasting Process.
  Ans: Dead roasting is the process of heating ore strongly in excess air so that all impurities like sulfur are completely removed.
• Q16: What is Froth Floatation?
  Ans: Froth floatation is a process used to separate sulphide ores from gangue by using water, oil, and air bubbles.
• Q17: Define Reagents? Give examples.
  Ans: Reagents are chemicals added in ore processing to help in separation of minerals.
  Examples are:

  • ➔ Collectors
  • ➔ Frothers
  • ➔ Depressants
• Q18: Define Frother.
  Ans: Frother is a substance used in froth floatation to create stable foam or bubbles.
  Example: Pine oil.
• Q19: State the types of Crushers.
  Ans: Types of crushers are:

  • ➔ Jaw Crusher
  • ➔ Gyratory Crusher
  • ➔ Cone Crusher
  • ➔ Roll Crusher
• Q20: Why are Collectors added in the Froth Floatation process?
  Ans: Collectors are added to increase the non-wettability of ore particles so that they attach to air bubbles and rise to the surface for separation.