PRE-SMELTING TREATMENT OF IRON ORES

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• Q1: What is Smelting?
  Ans: Smelting is the process of extracting metal from its ore by heating it at high temperature in a furnace.
  It involves melting the ore and separating the metal from impurities.
• Q2: What is Presmelting?
  Ans: Presmelting is the treatment of ore before smelting to remove impurities and improve efficiency of metal extraction.
• Q3: Briefly explain the Presmelting of Iron Ores.
  Ans: Presmelting of iron ores includes processes like crushing, grinding, concentration, and agglomeration.
  These steps help in removing impurities and preparing the ore for efficient smelting.
• Q4: State the types of Presmelting Treatment.
  Ans: Types of presmelting treatment are:

  • ➔ Crushing and Grinding
  • ➔ Concentration
  • ➔ Agglomeration
  • ➔ Roasting
• Q5: Briefly explain the Concentration Process.
  Ans: Concentration is the process of removing gangue from ore to increase the percentage of useful metal.
  It improves the quality of ore before further processing.
• Q6: State the types of Concentration Process.
  Ans: Types of concentration processes are:

  • ➔ Hand Picking
  • ➔ Magnetic Separation
  • ➔ Gravity Separation
  • ➔ Froth Floatation
• Q7: What is the Jigging process?
  Ans: Jigging is a gravity separation process in which water is used to separate heavier ore particles from lighter impurities.
• Q8: What is the Washing Process?
  Ans: Washing process is used to remove impurities like clay and sand from ore by using water.
• Q9: Briefly explain the Agglomeration Process.
  Ans: Agglomeration is the process of converting fine ore particles into larger lumps for easy handling and smelting.
• Q10: State the types of Agglomeration Process.
  Ans: Types of agglomeration processes are:

  • ➔ Sintering
  • ➔ Nodulising
  • ➔ Pelletising
• Q11: Briefly explain the Process of Sintering.
  Ans: Sintering is the process of heating fine ore particles below melting point to fuse them into larger solid lumps.
• Q12: Briefly explain the Process of Nodulising.
  Ans: Nodulising is the process of converting fine ore into small rounded lumps by heating in a rotary kiln.
• Q13: Briefly explain the Process of Pelletising.
  Ans: Pelletising is the process of forming small spherical pellets from fine ore particles using moisture and binders.
• Q14: What is Up-Draughting?
  Ans: Up-draughting is a process in which air flows upward through the material in a furnace.
• Q15: What is Down-Draughting?
  Ans: Down-draughting is a process in which air flows downward through the material in a furnace.