FINISHING MATERIALS

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• Q1: Define Paint.
  Ans: Paint is a liquid coating material applied on surfaces to protect and decorate them.
• Q2: Define Painting.
  Ans: Painting is the process of applying paint to a surface.
• Q3: Write the purpose of Painting.
  Ans: The purpose of painting is to protect the surface, improve appearance, and increase durability.
• Q4: Name some constituents of paint.
  Ans: Paint includes:

  • ➔ Base
  • ➔ Vehicle
  • ➔ Pigment
  • ➔ Drier
  • ➔ Thinner
  • ➔ Additives
• Q5: Define Base.
  Ans: The base is the main solid part of paint that provides body and strength.
• Q6: Define Vehicle.
  Ans: A vehicle is the liquid that carries the base and helps the paint spread smoothly.
• Q7: Define Drier.
  Ans: A drier is a substance added to paint to help it dry quickly.
• Q8: Define Pigment.
  Ans: Pigment is the coloring material in paint.
• Q9: Define Thinner.
  Ans: A thinner is a liquid used to reduce the thickness of paint and make it easier to apply.
• Q10: Define Distemper.
  Ans: Distemper is a simple water-based paint used for walls and ceilings.
• Q11: Define White washing.
  Ans: White washing is the process of applying a mixture of lime and water to walls for cleaning and brightening.
• Q12: Write the uses of paint.
  Ans: Paint is used to:

  • ➔ Protect surfaces
  • ➔ Decorate buildings
  • ➔ Prevent corrosion
  • ➔ Make surfaces washable
• Q13: Write the properties of paint.
  Ans: Good paint should have the following properties:

  • ➔ It should dry fast.
  • ➔ It must have good covering power.
  • ➔ It should resist weathering.
  • ➔ It must stick well to surfaces.
• Q14: Write the types of paint.
  Ans: Types of paint include:

  • ➔ Oil paint
  • ➔ Enamel paint
  • ➔ Emulsion paint
  • ➔ Cement paint
  • ➔ Plastic paint
• Q15: Define Enamel paint.
  Ans: Enamel paint is a durable, glossy paint made with oil.
• Q16: Define Emulsion paint.
  Ans: Emulsion paint is a water-based paint that dries fast and gives a smooth finish.
• Q17: Define Cement paint.
  Ans: Cement paint is a water-based paint made from cement and pigments, used for exterior walls.
• Q18: Write some defects in paint.
  Ans: Defects in paint include:

  • ➔ Chalking
  • ➔ Efflorescence
  • ➔ Sagging
  • ➔ Peeling
  • ➔ Flaking
  • ➔ Cracking
• Q19: Define Chalking.
  Ans: Chalking is the formation of a white powder on the painted surface.
• Q20: Define Efflorescence.
  Ans: Efflorescence is the appearance of white salt deposits on painted surfaces.
• Q21: Define Sagging.
  Ans: Sagging is when paint runs down and forms uneven thick patches.
• Q22: Define Peeling.
  Ans: Peeling is when paint comes off the surface in large pieces.
• Q23: Define Flaking.
  Ans: Flaking is when small, thin pieces of paint break and fall off.
• Q24: Define Seepage.
  Ans: Seepage is when water passes through walls and damages the paint.
• Q25: Define Varnish.
  Ans: Varnish is a transparent liquid coating used to protect and polish wooden surfaces.
• Q26: Write the types of Varnish.
  Ans: Types of varnish include:

  • ➔ Oil varnish
  • ➔ Spirit varnish
  • ➔ Water varnish
  • ➔ Urethane varnish
• Q27: Write the properties of Varnish.
  Ans: Varnish should dry clear, protect the surface, resist scratches, and give a shiny finish.
• Q28: Write the types of Distemper.
  Ans: Types of distemper include:

  • ➔ Dry distemper
  • ➔ Oil-bound distemper
• Q29: Write the properties of Distemper.
  Ans: Distemper have the following properties:

  • ➔ It is cheap.
  • ➔ It is easy to apply.
  • ➔ It is washable (oil-bound).
  • ➔ It has a matte finish.
• Q30: Define Tiles.
  Ans: Tiles are thin, flat pieces of material used for covering floors and walls.
• Q31: Write the properties of Tiles.
  Ans: Tiles have the following properties:

  • ➔ Tiles are strong.
  • ➔ Tiles are durable.
  • ➔ Tiles are water-resistant.
  • ➔ Tiles are easy to clean.
  • ➔ Tiles are available in many designs.
• Q32: Write the types of Tiles.
  Ans: Types of tiles include:

  • ➔ Ceramic tiles
  • ➔ Porcelain tiles
  • ➔ Vitrified tiles
  • ➔ Mosaic tiles
• Q33: Write the uses of Tiles.
  Ans: Tiles are used for:

  • ➔ Flooring
  • ➔ Wall cladding
  • ➔ Bathrooms
  • ➔ Kitchens
  • ➔ Decorative surfaces
• Q34: Define Flat Tile.
  Ans: A flat tile is a simple tile with a flat, even surface.
• Q35: Define Pan Tile.
  Ans: A pan tile is a curved tile used mainly for roofing.
• Q36: Define Porcelain Tile.
  Ans: A porcelain tile is a strong, dense tile made from fine clay fired at high temperature.
• Q37: Define Marble.
  Ans: Marble is a hard, decorative stone formed from limestone.
• Q38: Write the properties of Marble.
  Ans: Marble has the following properties:

  • ➔ It is smooth.
  • ➔ It is strong.
  • ➔ It is polished.
  • ➔ It is heat-resistant.
  • ➔ It is available in many colors.
• Q39: Write the types of Marble.
  Ans: Types of marble include:

  • ➔ Makrana marble
  • ➔ Italian marble
  • ➔ Black marble
  • ➔ Green marble
• Q40: Write the uses of Marble.
  Ans: Marble is used for:

  • ➔ Flooring
  • ➔ Walls
  • ➔ Countertops
  • ➔ Sculptures
  • ➔ Decorative works