INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

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• Q1: Define Computer.
  Ans: A computer is an electronic device that processes data and performs tasks according to instructions.
• Q2: Write some uses of computers.
  Ans: Some of the uses are:

  • ➔ Education
  • ➔ Business
  • ➔ Communication
  • ➔ Entertainment
  • ➔ Research
• Q3: Name different parts of the computer.
  Ans: Some of the parts are:

  • ➔ Monitor
  • ➔ CPU
  • ➔ Keyboard
  • ➔ Mouse
  • ➔ Printer
• Q4: Define Storage devices.
  Ans: Devices used to store data and files, e.g., hard drives, USB drives are called storage devices.
• Q5: What do you know about desktops?
  Ans: A desktop is a personal computer designed to be used at a fixed location.
• Q6: Define Hardware.
  Ans: The physical components of a computer system that we can touch are called hardware.
• Q7: Define Software.
  Ans: A set of instructions that tells the computer what to do is called software.
• Q8: Define RAM.
  Ans: The temporary memory used by a computer while working is called RAM (Random Access Memory).
• Q9: Define ROM.
  Ans: The permanent memory that stores essential system instructions is called ROM (Read Only Memory).
• Q10: Define Input devices.
  Ans: Devices that are used to enter data into a computer are called input devices. Examples: Mouse, Keyboard etc.
• Q11: Define Output devices.
  Ans: Devices that show the result of processed data are called output devices. Examples: Monitor, Printer etc.
• Q12: Define Magnetic disk.
  Ans: A storage device that uses magnetic storage to store data is called a magnetic disk.
• Q13: Define Floppy disk.
  Ans: A small, removable magnetic storage device used in older computers is called a floppy disk.
• Q14: Write some benefits of USB.
  Ans: Some of the benefits are:

  • ➔ Portable
  • ➔ Easy to use
  • ➔ Provide fast data transfer
  • ➔ Are reusable
• Q15: Define USB.
  Ans: A standard device used to connect peripherals to a computer is called a USB (Universal Serial Bus). OR USB is a standard way to connect devices to a computer for data transfer and power.
• Q16: What do you know about a Scanner?
  Ans: A scanner is a device that converts physical documents into digital format.
• Q17: State some important features of Laser printers.
  Ans: The features are:

  • ➔ High speed
  • ➔ Sharp print quality
  • ➔ Low noise
  • ➔ Cost-effectiveness for bulk printing
• Q18: What do you know about Programming languages?
  Ans: Programming languages are used to write software and control the operations of a computer.
• Q19: Enlist any 4 programming languages.
  Ans: The languages are:

  • ➔ Python
  • ➔ Java
  • ➔ C++
  • ➔ HTML
• Q20: What are Application Softwares?
  Ans: Software designed to perform specific tasks for users is called application software.
• Q21: Write any 4 important features of Application softwares.
  Ans: The features are:

  • ➔ User-friendliness
  • ➔ Task-specificity
  • ➔ Ease of updates
  • ➔ Efficient performance
• Q22: What are CRT monitors?
  Ans: CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors are bulky display screens that use cathode ray tubes to display images.
• Q23: What is a Laptop?
  Ans: A laptop is a portable personal computer that can be used anywhere.
• Q24: Define Special Purpose Computers.
  Ans: Computers designed to perform a specific task are called special purpose computers.
• Q25: What do you know about CPU?
  Ans: The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer that performs calculations and processes data.
• Q26: Define Hybrid Computers.
  Ans: Computers that combine the features of both analog and digital computers are called hybrid computers.
• Q27: What are some disadvantages of using computers?
  Ans: Some of the disadvantages are:

  • ➔ Eye strain
  • ➔ Cybercrime
  • ➔ Job loss
  • ➔ Over-dependency
• Q28: Define Micro computers.
  Ans: Small and affordable personal computers used by individuals are called microcomputers.
• Q29: Define Mini computers.
  Ans: Medium-sized computers used in businesses and institutions are called minicomputers.
• Q30: Define LCD Monitors.
  Ans: Flat-panel display screens that use liquid crystal technology are called LCD monitors.
• Q31: Name some color monitors.
  Ans: Some color monitors are:

  • ➔ LCD monitors
  • ➔ LED monitors
  • ➔ OLED monitors
  • ➔ CRT monitors
• Q32: Define Programs.
  Ans: A set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task is called a program.
• Q33: Define Assembly Language.
  Ans: A low-level programming language that is closer to machine code is called assembly language.
• Q34: Define Low Level Language.
  Ans: A low level language is a programming language that is close to machine language and is hard for humans to understand.
• Q35: Define High Level Language.
  Ans: A programming language that is easy for humans to understand and use is called a high-level language.
• Q36: Define the Internet.
  Ans: A global network that connects millions of computers for sharing information is called the internet.
• Q37: Define Intranet.
  Ans: A private network used within an organization is called an intranet.
• Q38: Write about some advantages of the internet.
  Ans: Some advantages of the internet are easy communication, access to information, online shopping, and remote work.
• Q39: Write about some disadvantages of the internet.
  Ans: Some disadvantages of the internet are cybercrime, addiction, misinformation, and privacy concerns.
• Q40: Define Compiler.
  Ans: A program that converts the entire source code into machine code at once is called a compiler.
• Q41: Define Interpreter.
  Ans: A program that translates and executes code line by line is called an interpreter.
• Q42: Define Source Program.
  Ans: The original code written by a programmer in a high-level language is called a source program.
• Q43: Define PASCAL.
  Ans: PASCAL is a high-level programming language used mainly for teaching and academic purposes.
• Q44: Define FORTRAN.
  Ans: FORTRAN is a high-level programming language used for scientific and engineering applications.
• Q45: Define Flash drive.
  Ans: A small, portable USB storage device used to store and transfer data is called a flash drive.
• Q46: One Byte is equal to how many Bits?
  Ans: One byte is equal to 8 bits.