NC MACHINE TOOL CHARACTERISTICS

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• Q1: Name some characteristics of NC Machine Tool?
  Ans: The characteristics of NC machine tools are as followsare:

  • ➔ High accuracy and precision
  • ➔ Automatic operation
  • ➔ Reduced human involvement
  • ➔ Repeatability of parts
• Q2: Name the types of NC/CNC Machine Tool?
  Ans: The types of NC/CNC machine tools are as follows:

  • 1. According to Control Panel
    • ➔ NC (Numerical Control) Machine
    • ➔ CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Machine
    • ➔ DNC (Direct Numerical Control) Machine
  • 2. According to Working
    • ➔ NC/CNC Cutting Machine
      • ➔ Lathe Machine
      • ➔ Milling Machine
    • ➔ NC/CNC Forming Machine
      • ➔ Spring Forming Machine
      • ➔ Press Brakes Machine
    • ➔ NC/CNC Grinding Machine
      • ➔ Surface Grinder
      • ➔ Cylindrical Grinder
      • ➔ Tool Grinder
      • ➔ Profile Grinder
      • ➔ Cam Grinder
    • ➔ NC/CNC Electric Discharge Machine
      • ➔ Die Sinking EDM
      • ➔ Wire Cut EDM
• Q3: Write the structure of NC Machine Tool.
  Ans: Structure of an NC machine tool includes:

  • ➔ Input device
  • ➔ Controller (MCU)
  • ➔ Drive system
  • ➔ Machine tool
  • ➔ Feedback system
• Q4: Write the parts of NC Machine Tool.
  Ans: Main parts of an NC machine tool are as follows:

  • ➔ Control panel
  • ➔ Spindle
  • ➔ Tool holder
  • ➔ Table
  • ➔ Drive motors
• Q5: Define CNC Router.
  Ans: A CNC router is a CNC machine used to cut, engrave, or shape materials like wood, plastic, and aluminum.
• Q6: Define CAM Grinder.
  Ans: A CAM grinder is a machine used to accurately grind cam profiles.
• Q7: Define Saddle.
  Ans: A saddle is a machine part that supports and moves the table in a machine tool.
• Q8: Define Automatic Tool Changer.
  Ans: An automatic tool changer is a device that changes cutting tools automatically during machining.
• Q9: What is meant by “Tool to Tool” Time?
  Ans: Tool to tool time is the time taken to change one cutting tool to another.
• Q10: What is a Coolant Supplying Device?
  Ans: A coolant supplying device delivers coolant to reduce heat and friction during machining.
• Q11: Define Hydraulic Power Unit.
  Ans: A hydraulic power unit supplies pressurized hydraulic fluid to operate machine components.
• Q12: Define Pneumatic Power Unit.
  Ans: A pneumatic power unit uses compressed air to operate machine tools and devices.
• Q13: Define Stepping Motors.
  Ans: Stepping motors move in fixed steps and are used for precise position control.
• Q14: Define Servo Motors.
  Ans: Servo motors provide continuous motion with high accuracy using feedback control.
• Q15: Define Simulations.
  Ans: Simulation is the virtual testing of a machining process before actual operation.
• Q16: What is the Mist Coolant Method?
  Ans: Mist coolant method sprays coolant in fine mist form to cool the cutting area.
• Q17: Name four characteristics of NC/CNC Machine Tool.
  Ans: The characteristics of NC/CNC Machine Tools are as follows:

  • ➔ High speed operation
  • ➔ High accuracy
  • ➔ Automation
  • ➔ Consistent quality
• Q18: Name four uses of NC/CNC Machine Tool.
  Ans: Some of the uses of NC/CNC machine tools are as follows:

  • ➔ Mass production
  • ➔ Precision machining
  • ➔ Complex shape manufacturing
  • ➔ Tool and die making
• Q19: Why are NC Machine tools preferred over traditional machine tools?
  Ans: NC machine tools are preferred because they provide higher accuracy, faster production, and reduced human error.
• Q20: Name some traditional machine tools.
  Ans: The traditional machine tools are as follows:

  • ➔ Lathe machine
  • ➔ Drilling machine
  • ➔ Milling machine
  • ➔ Shaper machine