Q1: Write the classification of Cutting Tool Material.
Ans: Cutting Tool Materials are classified as follows:
- ➔ High-Speed Steel (HSS)
- ➔ Cemented Carbides
- ➔ Ceramics
- ➔ Cermets
- ➔ Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN)
- ➔ Diamond
Q2: Write the properties of Cutting Tool Material.
Ans: The properties of Cutting Tool Materials are as follows:
- ➔ High hardness
- ➔ Wear resistance
- ➔ Toughness
- ➔ Heat resistance
- ➔ Chemical stability
Q3: Define HSS.
Ans: HSS (High-Speed Steel) is a type of steel that can withstand high cutting temperatures without losing hardness.
Q4: Define M-group.
Ans: M-group refers to HSS steels alloyed with molybdenum for improved wear resistance and toughness.
Q5: Define Cemented Carbide Tools.
Ans: Cemented carbide tools are made by embedding carbide particles in a metallic binder, providing high hardness and wear resistance.
Q6: Define P-Type Cemented Carbide Tools.
Ans: P-Type cemented carbide tools are designed for machining steel and other ferrous materials.
Q7: Define K-Type Cemented Carbide Tools.
Ans: K-Type cemented carbide tools are suitable for cutting cast iron and non-ferrous metals.
Q8: Define M-Type Cemented Carbide Tools.
Ans: M-Type cemented carbide tools are general-purpose tools for machining a variety of materials.
Q9: Define Coating Materials.
Ans: Coating materials are thin layers applied to cutting tools to improve hardness, wear resistance, and reduce friction.
Q10: Name some Coating Materials.
Ans: Common Coating Materials include:
- ➔ Titanium Nitride (TiN)
- ➔ Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN)
- ➔ Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
- ➔ Diamond coatings
Q11: State some Coating Methods.
Ans: Some of the Coating Methods are as follows:
- ➔ Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)
- ➔ Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
Q12: Define Cermet.
Ans: Cermet is a composite material made of ceramic and metallic materials, offering hardness and toughness.
Q13: Name two basic types of cermets.
Ans: The basic Types of Cermets are as follows:
- ➔ Titanium Carbide-based cermets
- ➔ Titanium Nitride-based cermets
Q14: Define Ceramics.
Ans: Ceramics are hard, brittle materials used for cutting tools that provide high wear resistance and heat resistance.
Q15: Write some drawbacks of ceramics.
Ans: Some of the drawbacks of Ceramics are as follows:
- ➔ Brittle, prone to chipping
- ➔ Limited toughness
- ➔ Cannot absorb shocks
Q16: Define CBN Group.
Ans: CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) tools are extremely hard and used for machining hardened steels and superalloys.
Q17: Define Diamond Group.
Ans: Diamond tools are the hardest cutting tools, used for non-ferrous metals, plastics, and abrasive materials.
Q18: Write Tungsten high speed steel grades.
Ans: Tungsten High-Speed Steel Grades are as follows:
Q19: Define Polycrystalline Compact.
Ans: Polycrystalline Compact (PDC) is a synthetic diamond compacted with a metallic binder for high hardness cutting tools.
Q20: Why are cemented carbide tools used?
Ans: Cemented carbide tools are used because they provide high hardness, wear resistance, and can cut at higher speeds than HSS.
Q21: Define PVD Coating.
Ans: PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) coating is a thin layer applied to cutting tools to improve hardness, wear resistance, and reduce friction.
