Q1: Define Machining Process.
Ans: Machining process is a material removal process in which a cutting tool removes material from a workpiece to obtain the desired shape and dimensions.
Q2: Write the steps for the Machining Process.
Ans: The steps for the Machining Process are as follows:
- ➔ First, carefully study the part drawing to understand the required shape and dimensions.
- ➔ Select the appropriate machine and cutting tools based on the material and operations.
- ➔ Securely fix the workpiece on the machine to ensure stability during machining.
- ➔ Set up the machining parameters or program the machine as needed for the operation.
- ➔ Execute the machining operations to remove material and form the desired shape.
- ➔ Inspect the finished part to verify accuracy, dimensions, and surface finish.
Q3: Define Part Drawing.
Ans: A part drawing is a technical document that shows the dimensions, tolerances, and details required to manufacture a component.
Q4: Define Pallet?
Ans: A pallet is a platform used to hold and transport workpieces in a machining center.
Q5: Define Program Number.
Ans: A program number is a unique identifier assigned to a CNC program for easy selection and execution.
Q6: Define Sequence Number.
Ans: A sequence number is a number given to each line of CNC code to maintain the order of execution.
Q7: Define Work C-ordinate System.
Ans: Work coordinate system defines the origin point on the workpiece from which all machining movements are measured.
Q8: How many tools can be accommodated in a machining center? How are they mounted?
Ans: - ➔ The number of tools depends on the machine design (typically 12 to 60 tools)
- ➔ Tools are mounted on the tool magazine or turret for automatic selection
Q9: For what purpose canned cycles are used?
Ans: Canned cycles are used to simplify repetitive machining operations like drilling, boring, or tapping by using a single command.
Q10: Briefly narrate the tool length compensation.
Ans: Tool length compensation adjusts the machine to account for the length of the cutting tool so that the programmed dimensions are accurate.
Q11: When will the G03 code be used?
Ans: G03 code is used for circular interpolation in counter-clockwise (CCW) direction.
Q12: When will the G42 code be used?
Ans: G42 code is used for tool radius compensation on the right side of the programmed path.
Q13: When will the G80 code be used?
Ans: G80 code is used to cancel canned cycles.
Q14: When will the G91 code be used?
Ans: G91 code is used for incremental programming where movements are measured from the current position.
Q15: When will the G92 code be used?
Ans: G92 code is used to set the workpiece coordinate system offset or specify a feed rate limit.
Q16: When will the G98 code be used?
Ans: G98 code is used to return to the initial plane after a canned cycle in drilling operations.
Q17: When will the M02 code be used?
Ans: M02 code is used to end the CNC program.
Q18: When will the M04 code be used?
Ans: M04 code is used to start the spindle in counter-clockwise (CCW) direction.
Q19: When will the M06 code be used?
Ans: M06 code is used to change the tool automatically.
Q20: When will the M09 code be used?
Ans: M09 code is used to turn OFF the coolant.
Q21: When will the M43 code be used?
Ans: M43 code is used to control auxiliary functions such as turning ON/OFF secondary devices.
Q22: When will the M99 code be used?
Ans: M99 code is used to end a subprogram or return to the main program.
